Essay --

Children are our future and they should be given every possible opportunity to succeed in life even if they are born into disadvantaged situations. Sometimes the families of certain children can’t provide as much as other children’s families and this can create a gap in the achievement and development of these children. Those disadvantaged children need special programing that accommodates for the lack of cognitive and social development that if not properly addressed could lead to poor school performance and delinquency. The Head Start program was created to address this shortcoming that some children face and to catch them up with their more advantaged peers. (Garces, 2002, p. 999) Head Start was originally designed to provide a nurturing environment that would provide children with preschool education, positive social interaction, and nutritious snacks and meals to help compensate for the lack of those things in the children’s lives. Head Start does an adequate job at meeting the needs of children in the manner in which it was originally founded. The Head Start program is not bad and should not be done away with. But, from what I have learned through this study, amendments could be made to increase the longevity of the desired results. In this paper I will discuss the Head Start program. How Head Start has succeeded. The way it attempts to influence children’s behaviors. I will also discuss some of the shortcomings of the Head Start program and ways to make the program more effective. Discussion: Early intervention into the lives of children has been proven to prevent delinquency. At an early age it is an effective means of changing the course of children’s lives for the better. The most commonly agreed upon age to begin e... ...have health concerns as well. Perhaps an upgrade with some of the standards of the Perry Preschool Project would be a sound investment in the lives of children. This investment would serve to better achieve a reduction in crime and delinquency. This upgrade would be relatively simple since the current policy is similar to the Perry Project. Another very important reminder, and something that I became aware of through this project, is to always consider the individuals who will be impacted by this policy. The investment in their lives is extremely important because at the ages that early intervention deals with, they may not have anyone else to fight for them. The policy that is implemented should really have the best possible outcomes for children associated with it. Head Start and other early childhood interventions are important for the children that they impact. Essay -- Children are our future and they should be given every possible opportunity to succeed in life even if they are born into disadvantaged situations. Sometimes the families of certain children can’t provide as much as other children’s families and this can create a gap in the achievement and development of these children. Those disadvantaged children need special programing that accommodates for the lack of cognitive and social development that if not properly addressed could lead to poor school performance and delinquency. The Head Start program was created to address this shortcoming that some children face and to catch them up with their more advantaged peers. (Garces, 2002, p. 999) Head Start was originally designed to provide a nurturing environment that would provide children with preschool education, positive social interaction, and nutritious snacks and meals to help compensate for the lack of those things in the children’s lives. Head Start does an adequate job at meeting the needs of children in the manner in which it was originally founded. The Head Start program is not bad and should not be done away with. But, from what I have learned through this study, amendments could be made to increase the longevity of the desired results. In this paper I will discuss the Head Start program. How Head Start has succeeded. The way it attempts to influence children’s behaviors. I will also discuss some of the shortcomings of the Head Start program and ways to make the program more effective. Discussion: Early intervention into the lives of children has been proven to prevent delinquency. At an early age it is an effective means of changing the course of children’s lives for the better. The most commonly agreed upon age to begin e... ...have health concerns as well. Perhaps an upgrade with some of the standards of the Perry Preschool Project would be a sound investment in the lives of children. This investment would serve to better achieve a reduction in crime and delinquency. This upgrade would be relatively simple since the current policy is similar to the Perry Project. Another very important reminder, and something that I became aware of through this project, is to always consider the individuals who will be impacted by this policy. The investment in their lives is extremely important because at the ages that early intervention deals with, they may not have anyone else to fight for them. The policy that is implemented should really have the best possible outcomes for children associated with it. Head Start and other early childhood interventions are important for the children that they impact.

Law and Environment Essay

According to this appeals court, what errors were made by the judge at trial? The judge has made a judicial error by allowing the Plaintiff’s counsel to comment on the case about Minichiello’s boss being a German with an â€Å"attitude of hatred† and made forced analogies to Nazi Germany and the Holocaust. The judge also allowed irrelevant testimony, which asserted that the Club discriminated against Latinos, Jews, and African-Americans, to the issue of discrimination based on sexual orientation. I agree that awarding $20,000,000 was grossly excessive and has no rational basis, and was an error by the judge as well. 7. Would the police violate a suspect’s Fourth Amendment rights against unlawful search and seizure by secretly placing a GPS tracking device on the suspect’s car for an extended time without first securing a warrant to do so? Explain. See, for example, United States of America v. Lawrence Maynard, 615 F.3d 544 (D.C. Cir. 2010); petition for rehearing en bane denied, United States of America v. Antoine Jones, 625 F.3d 766 (D.C. Cir. 2010). The police would violate a suspect’s Fourth Amendment rights against unlawful search and seizure by secretly placing a GPS tracking device on the suspect’s car for an extended time without first securing a warrant to do so. They have violated his â€Å"reasonable degree of privacy†. Without having a warrant issued will give the ability to have anybody monitored whenever for whatever period of time invading privacy.

Biography of Karl Marx Essay - 1255 Words

Biography of Karl Marx Karl Marx, the author of the Communist Manifesto, is viewed to be one of the greatest social thinkers of his time. His social, political and economical thoughts are still highly regarded today. The life of this man is stamped with many accomplishments and ideas that have been adopted by many prominent figures. As a historian, philosopher, and revolutionary, Karl Marx has helped shaped the society of the past, present and future. Karl Marx was born in Trier, Germany on May 5, 1818. He was born to Heinrich Marx and his wife, Henrietta who had a total of seven children. They were a middle class family who came from a long lineage of rabbis. However, his family was baptized†¦show more content†¦Among this group were theologians such as David Fredrich Strauss and Bruno Bauer. This group became politically oppressed due to its critique of Christianity and its oppression towards the Prussian government. Marx had intentions of teaching side by side with Bauer at the University, however this idea was shot down when Bauer was fired. Bauer was already not on very good standings with the school or the government. After he took part in demonstrations in the parliament the government asked him to resign.[6] With no hope of a career in teaching philosophy he completed his doctoral thesis and received a degree from the University of Jeena in 1841.[7] His interest now shifted to journalism. In Cologne, Marx began to write on social, political, and philosophical issues for the Rheinishce Zeitung. In October 1842 Marx became editor of this liberal newspaper. [8] Around this time censorship in the Prussian Government became increasingly strong. Marx, however, continued in his style of writing and published a series of articles that dealt with the â€Å"poverty of wine-growers in the Moselle valley†.[9] This set of articles infuriated the government and as a result forced Marx to abolish the newspaper. In June of 1843 Karl Marx finally married Jenny after being engaged for more than six years. At this time, he was offered a position as co-editor of, the German-French Annals. With hopes of leaving Germany and the need for money, Marx accepted thisShow MoreRelatedEssay Biography of Karl Marx1084 Words   |  5 PagesBiography of Karl Marx Karl Heinrich Marx was a German philosopher, social scientist, and revolutionist whose writings formed the beginning of the basic ideas known as Marxism. Although he was largely disregarded by scholars in his own lifetime, his social, economic and political ideas gained rapid acceptance in the socialist movement after his death. With the help of Friedrich Engels, Karl Marx created much of the theory of socialism and communism that we know today. Karl Marx was bornRead MoreEssay on Biography of Karl Marx1220 Words   |  5 PagesBiography of Karl Marx Only in the course of the world’s history can a person born over a hundred years ago be as famous today as they were back then. Karl Marx is one person that fits this category. He paved the way for people of the same political background as his own. Marx’s ideas were unique and started uproar all over Europe. Marx helped write the Communist Manifesto one of the most important pieces of literature on Communism ever written. At one time people feared Communism asRead More Biography of Karl Marx Essay1451 Words   |  6 PagesBiography of Karl Marx Karl Marx was a professional intellectual and philosopher. Throughout Marxs life, chance meetings with other professional intellectuals and philosophers helped guide Marx to his final destination. Although Marx died in March of 1883, some 122 years ago, his theories are still being studied, and in some cases, used in some governments. In his lifetime Marx explored many different social settings and groups. His final accumulation of work can be found inRead More Biography of Karl Marx Essay1558 Words   |  7 PagesBiography of Karl Marx Few names evoke as strong a response as Karl Marx. Some consider him a genius and a prophet, while others see only evil in his ideas. Everyone agrees that Marx stands among the social thinkers with the greatest impact on the worlds people. There are many people who pass into and out of our lives. It is those great people that are remembered forever. One great person is Karl Marx. He is an extraordinary person that has changed and shaped the wayRead MoreEssay on Biography of Karl Marx787 Words   |  4 PagesKarl Marx is the revolutionary founding father of communism and Marxism, while Niccolo Machiavelli expounded upon the concept of realism through his work The Prince. These two concepts have been the foundations that various countries and governments have tried to utilize in hopes of constructing a utopian society. Karl Marx was born in 1818 in Trier Germany, studying history, philosophy, and law at the universities of Berlin, Jena, and Bonn. Karl Marx did not like the production portion of Capitalism;Read More Biographies of Karl Marx and Frederich Engels Essay1387 Words   |  6 PagesBiographies of Karl Marx and Frederich Engels Karl Marx and Frederich Engels collaborated to introduce the liberal ideas of Communism. The Communist Manifesto was their byproduct that was introduced in January of 1828. Marx and Engels lives were drastically different from each other, although they both agreed upon the fundamental ideas of it. Marx’s idea of being an individual stemmed from the life that he lived. Marx found that his ideas were often not accepted in various societies but thisRead MoreA Very Breif Biography of Karl Marx570 Words   |  2 PagesKarl Marx was born in Trier in Prussia in 1818, and he passed away in London in 1883. The overall approach characterized in Marxs theoretical writings and his analysis of capitalism can be defined as historical materialism, or the materialist perception of history. Actually, that view may well be deemed the foundation of Marxism. Marx contested that the superstructure of society was predicated precisely by the productive roots of society, so that the main system must always be seen in relation toRead MoreBiography Of Karl Marx s Writing On Class Conflict1335 Words   |  6 Pagesociety is told that through hard work and dedication anyone can become successful. Success in the United States is looked at as being a part of the elite. Though it may seem like the status may easily be reached, this is not, in fact the case. Karl Marx’s writing on class conflict suggest otherwise. Class conflict is still very relevant in present day’s society and can be seen throughout the levels of class. In today’s society you can see class conflict in the way that working class is under paidRead MoreThe Wealth Of Nations By Adam Smith1384 Words   |  6 Pageswritten by Karl Marx and have forever changed the course of history. On May 5, 1818, Karl Heinrich Marx was born in Trier, Prussia (modern day Trier, Germany) to Heinrich and Henrietta Marx. Throughout Karl’s schooling years, he was considered to be an ordinary student; he was not an outstanding student and did not take school seriously. In 1835, Marx began his college career at the University of Bonn, a college known for their rebellious students and wild parties. All too quickly Marx was sweptRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Common Sense By Thomas Paine1474 Words   |  6 PagesTse-Tung. Karl Marx’ works, Capital and The Communist Manifesto, have forever changed the course of history. On May 5, 1818, Karl Heinrich Marx was born in Trier, Prussia (modern day Trier, Germany) to Heinrich and Henrietta Marx. Throughout Karl’s schooling years, he was considered to be an ordinary student and did not take school seriously. In 1835, Marx began his college career at the University of Bonn, a college known for their rebellious students and wild parties. All too quickly, Marx was swept

What Is Welfare Fraud and Who’s Paying the Price Essay

What is Welfare Fraud and who’s paying the price? What is Welfare Fraud and who’s paying the price? Welfare fraud is misuse of various welfare programs; the people who suffer the most from this are the ones who should get benefits but can’t because there is no more funds available and the taxpayers who pay for it. Basically fraudsters withhold certain information or provide inaccurate or false information to receive benefits. The three most common types of welfare fraud are purposely providing misinformation regarding household family members, failing all forms of income or falsifying information about an inability to work. Welfare fraud often allows someone to acquire benefits that they do not deserve or they receive benefits for†¦show more content†¦We have had several discussions on the topic of welfare fraud and abuses of the system on our way to and from work. While working for DHS Kevin’s job was to input the data submitted by potential clients. He said that it was very stressful because they were always behind due to the work load of their clients and having ti input the same information in three different data bases. He noticed while he was working there that people would claim things that were questionable to say the least. He also noticed that they would make several changes to the applications the longer they sat in the lobby waiting for their appointments. He also said he would see the same groups of people helping the new clients fill out there paper work to ensure they would get the maximum benefits. There was nothing he could do but turn it over to the fraud department or deny the benefits. He stated it’s very frustrating for the employees not being able to challenge the fraudsters but they were not allowed. So you may be wondering who suffers if someone get benefits that they are not entitled to, everyone does. The person who really needs helps and can’t get it because there are no funds available. 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Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart - Internal Conflict...

In Chinua Achebe’s 19th century Nigerian novel Things Fall Apart, the Ibo culture has internal problems, which ultimately cause of the downfall of the clan. These problems include a poor social system, superstitious beliefs, and a lack of suitable decision-making. These few problems are essential. One of the flaws inside the Ibo culture that eventually leads to their downfall is the social system. The weaker people join the church as a way to gain acceptance. The osu, or outcasts who lived in the Ibo culture want to feel accepted and as a result, follow the Christians. â€Å"The two outcasts shaved off their hair, and soon they were the strongest adherents of the new faith† (157). These two outcasts never have the feeling of†¦show more content†¦Another problem within the clan is the superstition. Superstition is associated with religion in the Ibo culture. The religion is closely associated with tradition. An example of religion and tradition is the egwugwu. The Ibo people do not welcome change. They have superstitions about twins being evil and needing to stay into the forest to die, and an â€Å"evil forest† where if someone lives on it, they will die within a few weeks. The evil forest is actually fo r disposing dead bodies. The villagers assume all these superstitions true. When the church arrives, the plot of land they are given is from the evil forest. â€Å"The inhabitants of Mbanta expected them all to be dead within four days† (149). The church lives past 4 days and the villagers give them up to 28 days to live. The church thrives and does not die. Villagers are baffled and do not know how to explain this. The villagers have superstitions that have become common knowledge. This common knowledge is abolished right in front of them. â€Å"Not long after, he won his first three converts† (149). The people rely too much on old traditions and superstition. These traditions and superstitions lead to the downfall of the Ibo people because they are destroyable. For the Ibo people, this is destroying what they believe to be true. Doing this would result in people not following the religion anymore just as the three people who convert to Christianity. The lack of moral decision-makingShow MoreRelatedChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart1756 Words   |  8 PagesThe story of Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart takes place in Umuofia, a set of villages, where the Nigerian tribe and Ibo people settle. A tribesman and the protagonist named Okonkwo is the famous leader in Umuofia. Okonkwo is very brave, but he stands solo when it comes to deciding to fight. He is afraid of how people will view on him through his actions towards the society because men play big roles in their culture. With his victory against Amalinze the Cat, Okonkwo brought more fame towards

Christian Music and Chris Tomlin Free Essays

I would gather to say that when asked if they would rather listen to Christian or non-Christian music that the general population would choose the latter. Christian music is looked upon as having a dry and bland type of style, one that lulls you to sleep rather than the adrenaline pumping and soul shaking music that you get from most alternative bands. A problem that Christian music artists seem to have is trying to gather popularity for their product. We will write a custom essay sample on Christian Music and Chris Tomlin or any similar topic only for you Order Now Unlike the MTV bands, where sex sells, the Christian band keeps close to its values of clean wholesome music that glorifies God. Unfortunately the general population hardly shares these same views, and attendance for concerts and record sells are always down. Up until a few days ago I was under the category of non-Christian music over Christian, and was like everyone else thinking that no way could Christian artists stand up to those who were not. I have since seen that these thoughts could not have been farther from the truth. Artists like Chris Tomlin and his band not only bring to you the rhythm, beat, and noise that has come to be generally expected at rock concerts, but his type of â€Å"soul shaking† goes much deeper than others and keeps you in tuned with the Lord the entire time. So this brings about the questions, â€Å"What type of style do artists like Chris Tomlin bring to their concerts that intensifies the general perception of Christian music? † â€Å"Where does Christian concerts have benefits over non-Christian? † I was lucky enough to attend a Christ Tomlin concert this past weekend. Needless to say the experience blew me away along with my perception of Christian music. The atmosphere was just incredible the entire time I was there; such a sense of unity and friendship for one common goal seemed to permeate the room. The concert itself took place in the Nokia Center in Los Colinas, Texas, and there was not any empty seat in the room. Everyone there was with a common goal, to praise Jesus with song, and strengthen his or her relationship with Jesus. One thing I found interesting about this concert was that Chris included a guest speaker. This is something you will definitely not see at any other concert. Louie Giglio was the speaker’s name, and after and hour of singing he provided a nice change of gears with a powerful message talking about how big God is and how small we are along with our problems. Using the songs just sang, he pounded in a teaching that brought about a whole new meaning to those lyrics. There was a silence that filled that room unlike any I had ever heard before. People were sitting concentrating on the message that had just been delivered to them and trying to understand its meaning and how it applied to their life. You would never hear any type of silence at a non-Christian concert, or be privileged to listen to a guest speaker. Most of the time it’s seeing how much beer you can drink, or weed you can smoke and maybe listening to some music every now and then. Never is your attention focused solely on the stage following every word spoken or sung. Even with a room full of people the atmosphere at a Christian concert allows you in your mind to be by yourself with God. The quality of the music and sound was comparable to any rock concert that I had been to, helping erase my prejudice towards non-Christian music immediately. Chris had a tremendous voice, accompanied with his guitar and piano playing he was nothing short of astounding. He had a good group of guys playing alongside with him, all very inept in what they played. If the lyrics hadn’t been praising Jesus you would have thought you had bought tickets to see Green Day. If the singing and instrument play wasn’t enough, Chris did a great job of keeping the audience into it. He would have the entire crowd do certain things such as flip open their cell phones and hold them up while swaying back and forth. 10,000 people’s cell phone lights were swaying back and forth creating and awesome spectacle and a sense of bonding time with God and each other. While singing was going on, pictures would be flashed up on the screen showing nature’s beauty and Jesus on the cross. This reminded people of God’s creation and the sacrifice that Jesus suffered for us. The clapping almost never stopped as people started to really get into the concert. Others were moving down to the front of the stage and were jumping up and down with the rhythm of the song. Not just teenagers, I’m talking about full grown men and women some in their mid-thirties to forties, jumping and yelling like it was some mosh pit at Ozfest. Instead of screaming profanities though these people were praising God. This type of celebration seemed to carry on for another hour or so, just singing and dancing, all for the glory of God. You could tell then that things were starting to wind down as Chris played a couple slow songs in succession, and people started moving back to their seats. They ended with the song â€Å"Indescribable† and towards the end of the song the stage went completely black and you couldn’t hear Chris sing any more only the crowd. When the song had finished the lights came back on and the band was gone. This gesture struck me the most. When do you ever see a band walk off without saying anything, or acknowledging the applause by the audience? It was because it was important to them. All the glory is given to God there. God is the one that makes that concert possible and they made sure that He was the one glorified, not them. I asked my friend that I had went with, if this was the best Christian concert he had been to. He responded with, â€Å"Best? They are all like this. † It is just not Chris Tomlin that runs his concert like that; many other Christian artists share these same views. Though others still claim that Christianity a cult and that its music is just promoting a singular view. Whatever the reason, Christianity must be applauded for the giant leaps it has taken in the music industry and the quality of its songs. Musicians like Chris Tomlin must continue to be a beacon as a quality performer and God-fearing man to those seeking success as Christian music artists. How to cite Christian Music and Chris Tomlin, Papers

Literature Review for Socratic Questioning Method- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theLiterature Review for Socratic Questioning Method. Answer: Introduction The case scenario is of a 39 year old male named Steve. The subject has recently lost his job as civil engineer for unsatisfactory performance followed by a breakdown of his 10 year old relationship. This was the first negative feedback that he experienced in his career that left him de-motivate. He is now experiencing low amount of sleep and lost his interest in searching jobs or socialize. His parents failed inspiring him. The Socratic questioning intervention method of cognitive behavioral therapy can prove to be useful in this particular case scenario. A detailed study of the method form the earlier scholarly work is presented in this part of the assignment. Literature Review According to Ehlers et al. (2005) Socratic Method comprises an important part in the cognitive behavioural therapy and proved to be a competent approach in CBT (Roth and Pilling, 2007). Beck (2003) suggests that the questioning method promotes the acquisition of abstract conceptual skills, which guides the patient to create distance from and an ability to evaluate, distressing appraisals. Role and function of Socratic Method The patients with high level of distress are treated with the help of CBT as it aims to help the patients develop skills that allow to re-appraisal and modification of distressing cognition. The role of the method under study that is Socratic Method is to give confidence to the patients for considering evaluating their thinking. It studies the information of the situation background of the patient and helps them to consider their upsetting cognition. The method only guides the patients, where they have to reach their own conclusions considering the validity of the upsetting thought (DeRubeis et al., 2009). It helps the patient to focus on the facts relevant for their appraisal instead of making conclusion on the basis of their affect, thus attenuating the impact of emotional reasoning. The theory of self determination states the efficiency of the decision to alter the behaviour is greater in case of personally taken from the case of imposition (Kennerley, 2007). The patients in this case response greater in developing higher level of intrinsic motivation to engage in change. the Socratic Questioning method uses the patients information in patients awareness in which, the patients may recognize and resolve the logical inconsistencies and discrepancies in reasoning. Socratic Questioning Method has potential significance value within the treatment in the belief change model of CBT as the central principle states the changes in cognitive process that will mediate symptom improvement. The idea formed in the above section presents the Socratic Questioning method as a verbal-based procedure and most closely associated with the cognitive work in CBT. The method of implementation of Socratic questioning involves the process of planning, rational and evaluation of behavioural techniques. Veale (2008) suggests for optimal delivery of behavioural activation to incorporate the Socratic Questioning Method where it is expected from the patient to be active and try generating solution. Challenges of using Socratic Method Like any other methods in cognitive behavioural therapy, Socratic questioning also comes with variant challenges. It is suggested not to use the pure Socratic questioning method in the CBT for avoiding the hurdles that might come. The Socratic Questioning Method is always used alongside of the non-Socratic dialogues. Despite of the high level of usage of Socratic Questioning method in cognitive behavioural therapy and the importance of it, there is little to no proper description found on how and when a Socratic approach should be implemented. Similarly, a lack of clearance exists in the uniformity of the approach over the CBT intervention (Kazantzis et al., 2014). On the other hand, James et al. (2010) has identified the problem of identifying the applicability of the approach on the patients. The problem arises in the selection of questioning process due to the differences in attention, motivation, executive functioning and memory that will be appropriate for particular psychiatric disorder. Kazantzis et al. (2014) worked on the qualitative differences within the nature of the appraisals required across specific disorders. They found that the efficiency of the Socratic approach reduces with the cultural gap between the therapist and the patient. Besides, as mentioned earlier, there is no proper guideline prescribed about the usage of Socratic questioning. Moreover, a detailed analysis demonstrates the challenge of evaluation of the role of the Socratic Questioning Method is the lack of an adequate tool. The cognitive behavioural therapy lack in providing a proper measurement tool for the Socratic Questioning Method and uses a universal Cognitive Therapy Rating Scale for all the methods incorporated. It limits the effectiveness of the proposed method (Blackburn et al., 2001). Literature Gap The review of the empirical research fails to identify the beneficial effects of Socratic Questioning method in the Cognitive Behavioural Therapy. This absence suggests the need of conducting research on the benefit of the approach. Five assumptions could be made regarding the benefits of suing the approach in CBT. They are assumption reducing distress associated with unhelpful cognitions, assumption allowing patients to internalize the approach and develop skills in critical thinking for evaluating unhelpful cognitions, assumption resulting in memorable and convincing insights and conclusions, assumption increasing engagement and autonomy in therapy and assumption improving the outcome of CBT and Reducing the likelihood of relapse. Conclusion The importance of Socratic Questioning method has been conceptualized as an important element of CBT interventions. The review of the literatures existing in the market suggests the theoretical rationale for its use within the CBT. However, several challenges lies within the use of the approach in CBT as there is no proper guideline proposed for its implementation. Moreover, the investigations conducted by the scholars fail to identify the value of the approach within the therapy. The challenges that are spotted in the use of Socratic Questioning Method might be a reason for neglecting the consideration of finding the benefits of the approach. Five distinct assumptions have been made regarding the benefits of using the approach in CBT that have scope for research. References Beck, J. S. (2011).Cognitive therapy for challenging problems: What to do when the basics don't work. Guilford Press. Blackburn, I. M., James, I. A., Milne, D. L., Baker, C., Standart, S., Garland, A., Reichelt, F. K. (2001). The revised cognitive therapy scale (CTS-R): psychometric properties.Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy,29(4), 431-446. Dobson, K. S. (Ed.). (2009).Handbook of cognitive-behavioral therapies. Guilford Press. Ehlers, A., Clark, D. M., Hackmann, A., McManus, F., Fennell, M. (2005). Cognitive therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder: development and evaluation.Behaviour research and therapy,43(4), 413-431. James, I. A., Morse, R., Howarth, A. (2010). 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